What is the orientation of hydrogen bonds in an anti-parallel β-sheet?

In an anti-parallel β-sheet, the orientation of hydrogen bonds is straight. This structural arrangement consists of polypeptide chains that run in opposite directions, creating a configuration where the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) of one strand can form a stable hydrogen bond with the amide hydrogen (N-H) of an adjacent strand.

The linear alignment of these hydrogen bonds is a key factor in the stability of the anti-parallel β-sheet structure. Each hydrogen bond is formed in a straight manner due to the opposite orientation of the adjacent strands, contributing to the overall strength and robustness of the sheet. This straight configuration contrasts with other potential orientations that may involve angled or random bonding patterns, which do not provide the same level of structural integrity or specificity.